(A) heavily
(B) initially
(C) carefully
(D) completely
3. Which of the following was a process used by prehistoric potters toimprove the texture of the clay?
(A) adding temper
(B) removing the water
(C) beating on the clay
(D) mixing the clay with plastic substances
4. The word durability in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) quality
(B) endurance
(C) adaptability
(D) applicability
5. Prehistoric potters applied slips and glazes to their vessels in orderto do which of the
following?
(A) Improve the appearance of the vessels
(B) prevent the vessels from leaking
(C) Help the vessels to dry more quickly
(D) Give the vessels a leather like quality
6. Which of the following was a method used by some potters to give vesselsa glassy finish?
(A) Smoothing them with wet hands
(B) Mixing the clay with colored solutions
(C) Baking them at a very high temperature
(D) Rubbing them with a smooth hard object
7. The word incised in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) designed
(B) carved
(C) detailed
(D) painted
8. The word they in ling 27 refers to
(A) kilns
(B) firings
(C) pots
(D) cracks
9. According to the passage , the advantage of kilns over open fires wasthat the kilns
(A) required less wood for burning
(B) reached higher temperatures
(C) kept ashes away from the pots
(D) baked vessels without cracking them
10. Look at the terms temper (line 10), glazes (line 16), kilns (line 24),and compounds (line 25).
Which of these terms is NOT defined in the passage ?
(A) temper
(B) glazes
(C) kilns
【托福阅读理解能力|托福阅读提升理解能力从词汇开始】(D) compounds
11. The passage mentions that when pottery is fired under burning wood, theashes help
(A) prevent the clay from cracking
(B) produce a more consistently baked pot
(C) attain a very high temperature
(D) give the vessel a glasslike finish
PASSAGE 49 BCCBA DBCBD B
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the dietis supplemented with seeds and fruits. Not long after the last Ice Age, around7,000 B.C. (during the Neolithic period), some hunters and gatherers began torely chiefly on agriculture for their sustenance. Others continued the oldpastoral and nomadic ways. Indeed, agriculture itself evolved over the course oftime, and Neolithic peoples had long known how to grow crops. The realtransformation of human life occurred when huge numbers of people began to relyprimarily and permanently on the grain they grew and the animals theydomesticated.
Agriculture made possible a more stable and secure life. With it Neolithicpeoples flourished, fashioning an energetic, creative era. They were responsiblefor many fundamental inventions and innovations that the modern world takes forgranted. First, obviously, is systematic agriculture — that is, the reliance ofNeolithic peoples on agriculture as their primary, not merely subsidiary, sourceof food.
Thus they developed the primary economic activity of the entire ancientworld and the basis of all modern life. With the settled routine of Neolithicfarmers came the evolution of towns and eventually cities. Neolithic farmersusually raised more food than they could consume, and their surpluses permittedlarger, healthier populations. Population growth in turn created an even greaterreliance on settled farming, as only systematic agriculture could sustain theincreased numbers of people. Since surpluses of food could also be bartered forother commodities, the Neolithic era witnessed the beginnings of large-scaleexchange of goods. In time the increasing complexity of Neolithic societies ledto the development of writing, prompted by the need to keep records and later bythe urge to chronicle experiences, learning, and beliefs.
The transition to settled life also had a profound impact on the family.The shared needs and pressures that encourage extended-family ties are lessprominent in settled than in nomadic societies. Bonds to the extended familyweakened. In towns and cities, the nuclear family was more dependent on itsimmediate neighbors than on kinfolk.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Why many human societies are dependent on agriculture
(B) the changes agriculture brought to human life
(C) How Neolithic peoples discovered agriculture
(D) Why the first agricultural societies failed
2. The word precarious in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) uncertain
(B) humble
(C) worthy
(D) unusual
3. The author mentions seeds and fruits in line 2 as examples of
(A) the first crops cultivated by early agricultural societies
(B) foods eaten by hunters and gatherers as a secondary food source
(C) types of food that hunters and gatherers lacked in their diets
(D) the most common foods cultivated by early agricultural societies

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标题：托福阅读理解能力|托福阅读提升理解能力从词汇开始( 二 )