Can Male Circumcision Prevent HIV?男性包皮环切能预防HIV吗？ "

Today, more tools than ever are available to prevent HIV. In addition to abstinence, limiting your number of sexual partners, never sharing needles, and using condoms the right way every time you have sex.

今天，比以往任何时候都有更多的工具可以预防艾滋病病毒(HIV)。除了禁欲，方法还有限制性伴侣人数、坚决不共享针头，以及每次性行为正确使用安全套。

正确使用男用安全套

DO use condom every time you have sex.

每次性交要使用安全套。

DO put on a condom before having sex.

性交前要戴好安全套。

DO read the package and check the expiration date.

要查看包装上的说明和保质期。

DO make sure there are no tears or defects.

要确保安全套上无裂缝或破损。

DO store condoms in a cool, dry place.

要把安全套存放在阴凉干燥的地方。

DO use latex or polyurethane condom.

要使用橡胶或聚氨酯安全套。

DO use water-based or silicone-based lubricant to prevent breakage.

要使用水溶性润滑剂和硅基润滑剂以防止安全套破裂。

HIV Q&A 问答

Can male circumcision prevent HIV?

男性环切包皮能预防HIV吗？

Circumcised men are less likely than uncircumcised men to get HIV from HIV-positive female partners, but circumcision doesn’t decrease their risk as much as other prevention options.

已进行环切包皮的男性比未切包皮的男性从携带HIV的女性身上感染HIV的几率要稍微低一点，但是环切包皮手术并不能像其他预防措施那样降低他们的风险。

“

There is no evidence that male circumcision decreases a woman’s risk of getting HIV, and the evidence about the benefits of circumcision among gay and bisexual men is inconclusive.

没有证据证明男性环切包皮手术能降低女性感染HIV的风险，而对于同性恋以及双性恋来说，男性环切包皮手术的益处还不明确。

”

Circumcised men should take other actions, like using condoms the right way every time they have sex to further reduce their risk of getting HIV or to protect their partners.

已切包皮的男性应该采用其他措施，如每次性交正确使用安全套以进一步降低感染HIV的风险或保护他们伴侣。

Can I use microbicides to prevent HIV?

我能用杀菌剂预防HIV吗？

不行

Microbicides are gels, films, or suppositories that can kill or neutralize viruses and bacteria. Researchers are studying both vaginal and rectal microbicides to see if they can prevent sexual transmission of HIV, but none are currently available for use.

杀菌剂是凝胶、薄膜或栓剂，可以杀灭或中和病毒及细菌。研究人员正在研究经阴道和直肠的杀菌剂是否能预防HIV的性传播，但是目前还没有可供使用的。

Can using a lubricant help reduce my HIV risk?

使用润滑剂能降低HIV风险吗？

Yes

可以

Because lubricants can help prevent condoms from breaking or slipping.

因为润滑剂可以防止安全套破损或滑落。

“

Water-based and silicon-based lubricants are safe to use with all condoms. Oil-based lubricants and products containing oil, such as hand lotion, Vaseline, or Crisco, should not be used with latex condoms because they can weaken the condom and cause it to break.

水溶性润滑剂和硅基润滑剂可安全用于各种安全套。但是油性润滑剂以及含油的产品，比如润手霜、凡士林或黄油，不能用于乳胶安全套，因为它们会弱化安全套并导致破裂。

”

（来源：美国疾控中心）

（感谢世界卫生组织新发传染病监测研究与培训合作中心陈伟师博士提供专业指导）

统筹：宁可儿

制作：曦檬子

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