(A) pushing
(B) releasing
(C) strengthening
(D) draining
6. According to the passage , the Hubbard Glacier
(A) moves more often than the Valerie Glacier
(B) began movement toward the sea in 1895
(C) is 800 feet wide
(D) has moved as fast as 47 feet per day
7. Yakutat is the name of
(A) an Alaskan town
(B) the last ice age
(C) a surge glacier
(D) an Antarctic ice shelf
【托福阅读做一篇时间|托福阅读做一篇阅读需要多长时间呢】8. The word plunge in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) drop
(B) extend
(C) melt
(D) drift
9. The term vicious cycle in line 24 refers to the
(A) movement pattern of surge glaciers
(B) effect surge glaciers could have on the temperature of tropicalareas
(C) effect that repeated rising sea levels might have on glacial ice
(D) constant threat surge glaciers could pose to the Gulf of Alaska
10. The author provides a definition for which of the following terms?
(A) tributary (line 15)
(B) ice dam (line 16)
(C) albedo (line 25)
(D) interglacial(line 26)
11. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage ?
(A) The movement of surge glaciers can be prevented.
(B) The next ice age could be caused by surge glaciers.
(C) Surge glaciers help to support Antarctic ice shelves.
(D) Normal glaciers have little effect on Earth's climate.
PASSAGE 38 BDBDB DAACD B
The year 1850 may be considered the beginning of a new epoch in Americaart, with respect to the development of watercolor painting. In December of thatyear, a group of thirty artists gathered in the studio of John Falconer in NewYork City and drafted both a constitution and bylaws, establishing The Societyfor the Promotion of Painting in Water Color. In addition to securing anexhibition space in the Library Society building in lower Manhattan, the societyfounded a small school for the instruction of watercolor painting. Periodicexhibitions of the members' paintings also included works by noted Englishartists of the day, borrowed from embryonic private collections in the city. Thesociety's activities also included organized sketching excursions along theHudson River. Its major public exposure came in 1853, when the society presentedworks by its members in the Industry of All Nations section of the CrystalPalace Exposition in New York.
The society did not prosper, however, and by the time of its annual meetingin 1854 membership had fallen to twenty-one. The group gave up its quarters inthe Library Society building and returned to Falconer's studio, where it brokeup amid dissension. No further attempt to formally organize the growing numbersof watercolor painters in New York City was made for more than a decade. Duringthat decade, though, Henry Warren's Painting in Water Color was published in NewYork City in 1856 — the book was a considerable improvement over the only othermanual of instruction existing at the time, Elements of Graphic Art, byArchibald Roberson, published in 1802 and by the 1850's long out of print.
In 1866 the National Academy of Design was host to an exhibition ofwatercolor painting in its elaborate neo-Venetian Gothic building onTwenty-Third Street in New York City. The exhibit was sponsored by anindependent group called The Artists Fund Society. Within a few months of thisevent, forty-two prominent artists living in and near New York City founded TheAmerican Society of Painters in Water Colors.
1. This passage is mainly about
(A) the most influential watercolor painters in the mid-1800's
(B) efforts to organize watercolor painters in New York City during themid-1800's
(C) a famous exhibition of watercolor paintings in New York City in themid-1800's
(D) styles of watercolor painting in New York City during themid-1800's
2. The year 1850 was significant in the history of watercolor paintingmainly because
(A) a group of artists established a watercolor painting society
(B) watercolor painting was first introduced to New York City
(C) John Falconer established his studio for watercolor painters
(D) The first book on watercolor painting was published
3. The word securing in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) locking
(B) creating
(C) constructing
(D) acquiring
4. All of the following can be inferred about the Society for the promotionof Painting in
Watercolor EXCEPT:
(A) The society exhibited paintings in lower Manhattan.
(B) Instruction in watercolor painting was offered by members of thesociety
(C) The society exhibited only the paintings of its members.
(D) Scenes of the Hudson River appeared often in the work of societymembers.
5. The exhibition at the Crystal Palace of the works of the Society for thePromotion of Painting in
Watercolor was significant for which of the following reasons?
(A) It resulted in a dramatic increase in the popularity of painting withwatercolor.

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