GMAT逻辑连载（一） | 增强题解析技巧+例题分析！雷哥GMAT名师连载系列"

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本文作者：雷哥GMAT逻辑名师Eric

GMAT增强题，又称strengthen题目。通常需要寻找支持某一个命题的结论或某个人的观点的证据或依据，使之成立可能性提高。

标志性词语

strengthen

、

support

、

provide the best evidence

解题思路

增加结论成立或排除其他原因，使得文章的结论更加严谨。

解题步骤

1、加强plan-goal结论

（1）goal能够达到，或能更好地达到（弥补/架桥）提出新观点

（2）别的plan不好（重复）否定新观点

（3）plan有好处，或无害，或可行（重复）肯定老观点

2、加强现象解释文：通常是否定句

（1）否命题的例子，例子与结论相一致

（2）对结论的反面的否定

（3）如果是已经有了结论的现象解释文，只要重复一下该解释就算加强了

3、加强普通文章

（1）问题是argument，加强推理过程，优先考虑弥补/架桥

（2）问题是conclusion，加强结论，优先考虑重复

解题技巧

1、找出原文中的结论

2、锁定结论，几乎所有正确答案都对结论有影响

3、原文中有推理漏洞，需要仔细寻找加以支持

4、预先判断正确选项特征范围

错误答案特征

（1）相反答案（即削弱）

（2）伪装答案——答案加强了一个与原文结论相似的结论

（3）无关答案

例题

OG16-P502-2

Astronomer: Most stars are born in groups of thousands, each star in a group forming from the same parent cloud of gas. Each cloud has a unique, homogeneous chemical composition. Therefore, whenever two stars have the same chemical composition as each other, they must have originated from the same cloud of gas.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the astronomer’s argument?

(A) In some groups of stars, not every star originated from the same parent cloud of gas.

(B) Clouds of gas of similar or identical chemical composition may be remote from each other.

(D) Many stars in vastly different parts of the universe are quite similar in their chemical compositions.

(E) Astronomers can at least sometimes precisely determine whether a star has the same chemical composition as its parent cloud of gas.

解析

：

题意：星星以组为单位产生；

一组星星来自同一个气云；

同一个气云的化学成分是独一无二的

A 讨论星星的来历，无关

B 讨论星星的距离无关

C 正确，增强搭桥：既然这两颗星星的成分是一样的，那么说明构成它们的气云的化学成分也是一样的，而每一个气云里的化学成分都是特定的，那么说明这两颗星星是来自同一个气云。

D 讨论宇宙中星星的成分相似，无关

E 天文学家至少有时候可以精确的判断这颗星和产生它的星云的化学成分是不是一样，有时无意义概率

OG16-P520-60

Advertising by mail has become much less effective, with fewer consumers responding. Because consumers are increasingly overwhelmed by the sheer amount of junk mail they receive, most discard almost all offers without considering them. Thus, an effective way for corporations to improve response rates would be to more carefully target the individuals to whom they mail advertising, thereby cutting down on the amount of junk mail each consumer receives.

Which of the following, if true, would most support the recommendation above?

(A) There are cost-effective means by which corporations that currently advertise by mail could improve response rates.

(B) Many successful corporations are already carefully targeting the individuals to whom they mail advertising.

(C) Any consumer who, immediately after receiving an advertisement by mail, merely glances at it, is very likely to discard it.

(D) Improvements in the quality of the advertising materials used in mail that is carefully targeted to individuals can improve the response rate for such mail.

(E) Response rates to carefully targeted advertisements by mail are considerably higher, on average, than response rates to most other forms of advertising.

解析：

广告邮件的有效性变低。因为顾客收到垃圾邮件，大部分都想都不想就把它忽略了。因此，要提高回应率，应该针对性定位客户

A 现在公司用的这种通过邮件来广告的高性价比方式来提高反应率，无关选项

B 很多成功的公司已经在针对性的定位客户了，无关选项

C 任何一个客户在收到广告邮件时，几乎都看都不看，就把它扔掉，削弱。

D 邮件里用得广告材料质量应该更具有针对性，从而提高反应率。无关选项。其他提高回应率的方式

E 针对性定位客户的回应率平均比其他广告形式的高，正确。说明针对性定位这个决策有用。