1、Lesson-28 英语中级听力课程Lesson 28 Robert: Now, one of the biggest hurdles to cross in getting a good job is the interview. Theres no getting away from it, because in nearly every case when you apply for a job you will be called for one, or sometimes even two, interviews. Its quite natural that you might a 。

2、lso be dreading it;
in fact, some people dread them so much they never turn up at all. What I want to try to do today is to take some of the sting out of the interview and get you over what I call job interview jitters to show you how you can make a good impression and even use the interview to your 。

3、 own advantage. I mentioned two interviews earlier because some companies do a kind of screening interview first, where they try to find out what youre like and if youre suitable for the job before you go on to the main interview. This screening interview would probably be with someone from the pers 。

4、onnel department, and Id like now to show you on the video a couple of examples of these screening interviews, which I hope will help to illustrate how to go about it and how not to. In the first, Walter Edwards of the personnel department of a biscuit factory in Southampton is interviewing Anita Jo 。

【英语中级听力课程Lesson|英语中级听力课程Lesson 28】5、nes for a job as a secretary. Walter: Come in, Im Walter Edwards and youre Miss .? Anita: Anita Jones, er, but my friends call me Nita. Walter: How do you do, Miss Jones. Do please sit down. Now, your application tells me you were born in these parts. Did you grow up here? Anita: Er, um, yes. Well,。

6、no. I was born here in Southampton, but my dad, that is my father, works in a bank so we, um, moved up north when I was fairly small, which is where I went to school and, um, then we moved back down here, which is why I live round here now, you see. Walter: Quite. And I see youve just completed a on 。

7、e-year secretarial course. Is this your first job application? Anita: Yes, er, well, no. I mean, Ive had several holiday jobs and part-time jobs but this is, or rather would be my first full-time job. I mean this is the first time Ive been looking for one. Walter: Do you have any special reason for。

8、choosing this company? Anita: Oh, not really. I mean, er, yes, I was attracted by the money but thats not the only reason, of course. (Laughs.) Walter: I see. And could you tell me about your secretarial skills? Robert: Without going any further, I think we can all see that Anita is a very nervous a 。

9、pplicant: hesitant and indecisive. Its quite clear that she is petrified by the whole idea of the interview, and her faltering and stammering delivery is even irritating for a Mr. Edwards who has, after all, only a few minutes to find out about Anita and to see if shes the right one for the job. Ano 。

10、ther important point to raise is appearance, which Anita obviously didnt take much care over. Dress is very important and you should never turn up in jeans and an old sweater if youre after a job in an office or a place of work where you will be meeting people, dealing with clients and that sort of。

11、thing. Clean, smart clothes are the order of the day, and try to avoid stage fright, like some nervous actor on the opening night of a new play. Job applicants often look upon the interviewer as some kind of ogre who enjoys making interviewees squirm in their seats, a kind of figure to be looked up。

12、to and not will mind of attitude negative This revered. help in any way and will only destroy your self-confidence and ensure failure. Anita also mentioned money straight away, which was bad and made her come across as being mercenary. The one question she did volunteer a lot of information about wa 。

13、s her upbringing and that was all highly irrelevant. Before we move on, theres something else I wanted to point out and that was the way Anita moved. As she came into the room she sidled nervously up to the desk and wasnt quite sure whether to shake hands, sit down or what to do and kept looking ner 。

14、vously around her. Throughout the interview she fidgeted about and kept twiddling the strap on her handbag, which she clutched tightly to herself. Furthermore, she sat on the edge of her seat with hunched shoulders and a tense look on her face, all of which indicates to the interviewer she is someon 。

15、e who cant handle pressure and responsibility and who appears indecisive and unsure. You have to remember that youve got about ten or fifteen minutes to show what youre made of, and no matter how good you are normally, its in these vital minutes that you must project the right image. Now well take a 。

16、 look at another interview and see what conclusions can be drawn from that one. being is Simpson Louise excerpt, this In interviewed for a job with a book publishing firm by Audrey Maguire of personnel. Louise: Im Louise Simpson. Audrey: Sit down, please, Miss Simpson. Im Audrey Maguire. Louise: How 。

17、 do you do? Audrey: When you came in, did you happen to notice all the building work going on? Louise: Yes, I did. Audrey: Well, thats our new office extension and were moving there within the month, so thats where youd be working. Loiuise: Yes, I did read about it in the prospectus you sent me abou 。

18、t the firm. Im sure youre looking forward to the move. Audrey: Indeed, yes. Now Id like to ask you one or two questions about your previous experience, if thats all right? Louise: Go right ahead. Audrey: Have you had any jobs before? Louise: Yes, I worked as a secretary in a lawyers office as a summ 。

19、er job, primarily to earn some money to see me through college, but I also gained some useful work experience into the bargain. While I was there I did secretarial work and also took a turn on the reception desk, to help out, and it was very enjoyable meeting people in this way to vary the routine.。

20、Audrey: Did you like working in the lawyers office? Louise: From the career point of view it was good to get to know how an office works, but Ive always wanted to be in publishing really, which is why I applied for this job. Audrey: Now, can you tell me . Robert: I think weve seen enough to make the 。

21、 distinction between Louise and Anita you saw in the previous slip. Louise gives a totally different image, an image of self-confidence without being too cocky, and she was conducting herself in a relaxed and friendly way. She talked to the interviewer in a normal manner, which was fluent and withou 。

22、t the terrible ums and ers of Anita. She also gave the impression that she the with exchange information was there to She interrogated. than be interviewer rather wanted to know if the company was going to suit her as much as they wanted to know if she would neat, and were sober suit them. Her cloth 。

23、es and relaxed she was being too frumpy, and without casual without being too laid-back so that it taken had also she didnt care. She would appear the trouble to read the prospectus shed been sent, which didnt hurt at all. The basic point about an interview is that it shouldnt be a servant routine,。

24、a boss and question-and-answer two together of but a coming session, personalities. Its the swan technique which the on my in view, serene projects the best image now And like mad underneath. surface but paddling Id like to come to the problem of . It is an election day and the Americans of all fift 。

25、y states are going to the polls. Election observers have predicted a light to moderate turnout, of about forty percent. But some counties election officials we talked this afternoon were more optimistic. Im in Lamar, Colorado. Its raining. Its a very grey day. I think we are going to have a real goo 。

26、d turnout if the weather doesnt getting worse. the in auditor county the Im north-eastern portion of Aberdeen, South Dakota, Brown County, South Dakota. Our turnout in Brown County is absolutely fantastic at this point. The weather is cooperating, is absolutely gorgeous, in South Dakota, sun-shining 。

27、, crisp beautiful day. Couldnt have ordered anything finer? We are in Shelby, Montana, the county seat of Toole County. The weather is 59 degrees today, no snow anywhere in our area. Its beautiful. No windy. We expected a very good turnout today. And its a small exemplar there. Thirty-six states wil 。

28、l elect governors today, in addition there are hundreds of local contests and battle issues to be decided. But the control in the United States senate remains the major item of national interest. A third of the senate, thirty-four seats, will be decided today. Republicans who have held their slim ma 。

29、jority in the senate for the past six years are defending twenty-two of those seats. Democrats need a net gain of four seats to win control. According to the latest pre-election polls, the closest senate races were in these nine states, Washington, Idaho, North and South Dakota, North Carolina, Geor 。

30、gia, Alabama, California and Colorado. This would be the most closely watched tonight as county election officials turn their attention from watching the skies to counting the ballots. Listening and Understanding A student learning English often finds the following problems when he listens to talks。

31、or lectures. Firstly, he doesnt always identify all the words correctly. I refer here to known words. i.e. words which the student would certainly recognize in print. Lets examine some of the reasons for this particular difficulty. In writing, there are clear spaces between each word;
in speech, one 。

32、 word runs into the next. Its very difficult to decide, therefore, where one word finishes and the next one begins. In writing, the words consist of letters of the alphabet. These letters have a fixed shape: theyre easy to identify. In speech, however, vowel and consonant sounds are often very diffi 。

33、cult to identify. Some of these sounds may not exist in the students native language. Many of them, particularly the vowel sounds, are given different pronunciations by different English speakers. Finally, some words in English, words like and or there or are or will are frequently pronounced with t 。

34、heir weak or reduced form in speech. This is sometimes so short that non-native speakers, perhaps not accustomed to it, fail to recognize it at all. Many students, normal the recognize dont example, for pronunciation / 5TErE / for the words there are which occur at the beginning of so many English s 。

35、entences. Furthermore, they encounter a similar problem with unstressed syllables which are part of a longer word. For instance, think of the word cotton, which is spelt c-o-t-t-o-n. Ill repeat that: c-o-t-t-o-n. Each letter is the same size;
no difference is made between the first syllable cot- and 。

36、 the second syllable -ton. In speech, however, the first syllable is stressed, the second is unstressed. The work is not pronounced cot-ton but COTn. The same is true for the word carbon, spelt c-a-r-b-o-n;
its not pronounced car-bon but CAR bn. But I want now to come on to the second main problem;
。

37、the difficulty of remembering whats been said. Again, the problem here is much less difficult in the written rather than the spoken form. Words on a page are permanently fixed in space. They dont disappear like words that are spoken. They remain in front of you. You can choose your own speed to read 。

38、 them whereas in listening youve got to follow the speed of the speaker. A difficult word, or sentence, on the printed page can be read again, whereas a word not clearly heard is rarely repeated. The listener, therefore, finds that he has to words the identifying on hard so concentrate correctly and 。

39、 on understanding them that he has little time left to remember. In a foreign language his brain simply has too much to do. In his own language, of course, hes able not only to identify and understand the words automatically but also he can often even predict the words which are going to come. His b 。

40、rain, therefore, has much more time to remember. Thirdly, I want to deal with a problem that worries most students in a lecture. The problem is thisthey cant always follow the argument. This is, of course, partly due to the first two difficulties Ive discussed. When you have difficulty in identifyin 。

41、g or remembering words and sentences, you obviously wont be able to follow the argument. But even those students who can do these two things perfectly well have problems in following a quite straightforward argument. Why is this? Ill suggest three reasons here. Firstly, students dont always recogniz 。

42、e the signals which tell the listener that certain points are important. Some of these signals will be quite different from those employed in writing. Secondly, some students try too hard to everything. When they come to a small understand but difficult point, they waste time trying to work it out,。

43、and so they may miss a more important point. Thirdly, students must concentrate very miss may therefore and notes taking on hard developments in the argument. But note-taking is a separate subject which will be dealt with in a later talk. There are, however, other problems the student is faced with, 。

44、 which Id like to mention briefly. Its always a surprise to students to discover how much the pronunciation of English changes from one English-speaking country to another, and from region to region. Many lecturers from Britain have a B.B.C. type accent, the type of English associated mainly with th 。

45、e South of England and most commonly taught to non-native speakers. However, other lecturers will speak differently. To give an example / bQs /, / lQv /, / mQm / etc., as spoken in the south, are pronounced in Manchester and many other parts as / bRs /, / lRv / and / mRm /, Southern English / rB:s / 。

46、, / fB:st /, / pB:W / are pronounced in Yorkshire and elsewhere as / rAs /, / fAst / and / pAW /. Its worth noticing that its usually the vowels which have variants, though sometimes it may be the consonants. For instance, a Scotsman will roll his rs, whereas a Londoner wont. So a lecturer with a pa 。

47、rticularly strong regional accent will cause non-native speakers considerable difficulty. Whether a student follows a lecture easily or not depends also on the style of English the type of lecturer uses. By style I mean the extreme at one to express an idea: English chosen it may be very formal, at。

48、the other colloquial more speaking, the even slang. Generally or student the it easier is for formal the style, the says, who example, a lecturer to understand. For writers the This is undoubtedly formally, the On readily understood. central point will be other hand if he says, Thats really what the 。

49、 have students many will writers on about, difficulty in understanding. to the time factors, which I havent Other discuss in detail, may also be involved. These is lecture at which the the include speed delivered, the rather common use of irony, the peculiarly English sense of humour, references culture, British knowledge of which presuppose a etc. All these factors combine to make it a formidable task for students to follow lectures of aware helpful clearly to be comfortably. Its as much practice to the problems and get as understand to and listening possible in to trying spoken English. 。

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