1、2019 年 12 月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案(15)The School YearsSoon after the United States was founded, ThomasJefferson, who was President from 1801 to 1809 wrote, If anation expects to be ignorant and free in a state ofcivilization, it expects what never was and never will be. Jefferson believed that the new rep 。

2、ublic would be served bestby literate, well-informed citizens and that everyone shouldhave a guarantee of some education with further education forthose who wanted it and were qualified. The American systemof public education has been built on this philosophy. Publiceducation in this country is expe 。

3、cted to offer equaleducational opportunities to everyone enrolled in secularschools, which are publicly controlled and publicly financed,with free tuition, free books, and compulsory attendance. 考试大论坛There is no mention of education in the Constitution, andeach state is responsible for its own educa 。

4、tional system.Public schools are financed primarily by local and statetaxes, and the amount of money spent on public schoolstudents varies from state to state. Alabama, for example,spent an average of $716 for each pupil in 1974, the lowestrate of any state. New York, by contrast, had the highestrat 。

5、e, $ 1809 per pupil. The majority of states spent morethan $ 800 per pupil.There are great differences in expenditures ( 花费 ) bycommunities within each state, depending on the amount oflocal funds available for public education. Often, well-to-docommunities spend several hundred dollars more for eac 。

6、h childthan poorer towns nearby do. These figures reflectdifferences in expenditures . for such items as teacherssalaries, the purchase of books, and school construction andmaintenance.Despite these differences, there is general uniformity inthe organization and curricula of public schools throughou 。

7、tthe country. Each state is divided into local schooldistricts. Usually a state department of education sets thegeneral requirements that local communities or schooldistricts must meet. Local school boards, usually elected bymembers of their communities, are responsible for thedetailed organization。

8、and operation of their schools. This-responsibility includes hiring teachers and administrationand setting their salaries.The twelve years of public school education usually beginwhen a child is six years old. Some school systems aredivided into eight years of primary school and four years ofseconda 。

9、ry school. Primary schools are often called elementaryschools, and secondary schools are called high schools. Manysystems combine the last two years of elementary school andthe first year of high school in what is known as junior highschool. This is followed by three years of senior high school.A la 。

10、rge number of school systems also have a kindergartenprogram that provides one year of preschool training forfive-year-old children before they begin the formal schoolyears. The academic year lasts nine months, from September toJune, with winter and spring vacations. Classes are held fivedays a week 。

11、, from Monday through Friday.Elementary schools are usually organized on aneighbourhood basis. Children living in the same area attenda school that is close to their homes. High schools, on theother hand, serve children from many different elementaryschools, and a single high school often has severa 。

12、l thousandstudents from various parts of the community. Many towns havejust one high school. In rural areas one elementary schoolfrequently serves the children from several communities. Whenschools are located beyond convenient walking distance,children are transported free of charge in bright yello 。

13、wschool buses. Today more than 40 percent of all Americanschool children are bused to and from school daily.It took many years for Jeffersons dream of education foreveryone to approach reality. In 1870 only slightly more thanhalf of all children of school age attended school. It wasnot until 1918 th 。

14、at every state had a compulsory school-attendance law. Today most states require the attendance ofall children between the ages of six and sixteen.Approximately 99 percent of all American children ofelementary school age (six through thirteen) and 94 percentof high school age (fourteen through seven 。

15、teen) go to school.The quality of education has changed as the record ofschool attendance. For example, in a typical mid-nineteenthcentury elementary school class children sat in one place inone position for hours on end, with periodic arm swinging forexercise and perhaps occasional permission to go 。

16、 to thebathroom. The method of instruction was catechism (questionsby the teacher with memorized responses by the students). .The teacher fed the stuff out one day, and wanted it back thenext, in her own words.Emphasis was on good behavior and learning what werecalled the three Rs reading, riting an 。

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标题：2019|2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案(15)