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1、Period ThreeGrammar , Speaking & Writing一、动词 。
ing形式(现在分词)作状语的句法功能1 。
作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句).Walking in the park , she saw an old friend 。
When/While (she was) walking in the park , she saw an old friend 。
当她在公园里散步时,她看到了她的一个老朋友 。
Having finished the homework , he went shopping.After he had finished his homework , he went s 。
2、hopping 。
完成作业后 , 他就去购物了 。
注意:当表示正在进行的动作时 , 可直接在分词前面加上when/while,此时也可理解为状语从句的省略 。
2.作原因状语 。
一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句 。
Being ill , he couldnt go to school 。
As he was ill,he couldnt go to school.因为生病了 , 他无法去上学 。
Not knowing how to get there , I had to ask the way 。
As I did not know how to get there,I had to ask the way.因为 。
3、不知道如何到那里 , 我只得问路 。
3 。
作条件状语 。
一般放在句首 , 其前可以加if,unless等连词 。
Working hard , and youll make great progress.If you work hard,youll make great progress 。
如果你努力工作 , 你将取得很大进步 。
Unless working harder , youll surely fail in the exam.除非更加努力 , 否则你无法通过考试 。
4.作方式状语 。
不能用状语从句来代替 。
He came running back to tell me the news.他跑回来告诉我这个消息 。
We visit 。
4、ed a number of cities , traveling by train 。
我们坐火车访问了好多城市.5 。
作伴随状语 。
表示伴随的次要动作或补充说明 , 相当于一个并列谓语 。
Every evening they sat on the sofa , reading books 。
Every evening they sat on the sofa,and read books.他们每天晚上坐在沙发上读书 。
I stood by the door , not daring to say a word 。
I stood by the door , and didnt dare to say a word.我站在门旁, 。
5、一句话也不敢说 。
6.作让步状语.一般放在句首 , 常常由although/though , while , even if/though等连词引入 。
Although repeating his words many times , the teacher could not make her understand what he meant.尽管重复了很多遍,老师仍无法让她理解自己的意思.While achieving great achievements , he is very modest.虽然取得了很大的成就 , 但他很谦虚.7.作结果状语(表示自然而然的结果 , 不定式短语作结果状语表示事与愿违的结果) 。
置于句 。
6、末 , 前面经常加so , thereby , thus , hence等表示结果的副词 。
He worked day and night,thus making himself nearsighted.他日夜工作,结果造成眼睛近视.The fire lasted nearly a month , leaving nothing valuable 。
大火持续了将近一个月,几乎没剩下什么有用的东西 。
注意:(1)现在分词作状语时除了可以表示上述情况外 , 还可表示补充说明 。
Please hand in your homework , writing down your name and your number.请交上你们的家庭作 。
7、业,写上姓名和学号 。
(2)一般说来 , 分词(短语)作状语 , 它的逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致 , 但事实上有少数特殊情况 。
当句子中含有主语it或there时,有时用作状语的分词短语的逻辑主语可以与句子的主语不一致.Having so little time,there was not much that I could do 。
由于时间很少 , 我能做的事情很有限 。
当分词已转化成为介词或连词 , 此时也无需考虑主语一致问题 。
Supposing she doesnt come , what shall we do?要是她不来我们该怎么办?(supposing为连词 , 意为“假若)Seeing (that) he didn 。
8、t help others , no one would like to help him.鉴于他不帮助别人 , 没有人愿意帮助他 。
(seeing (that)为连词,意为“鉴于,由于”)当分词暗含的逻辑主语为表示泛指意义的one或you时 , 也无需考虑主语的一致性问题.In doing such work , patience is needed.When one does such work , patience is needed.做这种工作需要耐心 。
即时跟踪1用所给动词的正确形式填空1 。
Being(be) so angry , he couldnt go to sleep.2 。
Holding(hold) g 。
9、uns , the soldiers rushed out.3 。
The children went out of the school , talking(talk) and laughing(laugh) 。
4 。
The fish can eat a man in a few minutes , leaving(leave) only the bones.5.Walking(walk) along the valley , we came across a large cave.6.Arriving(arrive) at the worksite , she found them busy laying brick 。
10、s 。
7 。
When leaving(leave) the airport , they waved again and again to us.二、动词.ing形式的时态动词 。
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标题:高中英语|高中英语Unit4BodylanguageThreeGrammarSpeaking&Writing讲义新人教版必修4