按关键词阅读: 限制性 副词 代词 关系 从句 定语
1、定语从句(一)-关系代词的用法一定语从句的概念在复合句中 , 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 , 定语从句一般放在先行词的后面 。
引导定语从句的词叫做关系词 。
关系词有三个作用:1、引导定语从句;
2、代替先行词;3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词 , 常见的关系代词包括that ,which ,who ,whom和whose , 关系副词包括where ,when ,why等 。
三、关系代词的用法关系代词指代人还是物在从句中的成分That人和物主语和宾语Which物主语和宾语Who人主语和宾语Whom人宾语Whose人和物定语部 。
2、分特殊先行词的关系词选择先行词在从句中的作用或成分关系词时间时间状语When= in/on/during/at+ which主语/宾语That/which地点场合地点状语Where=in/on/at + which主语/宾语That/whichReason原因状语Why=for which(非限制性定语从句只能用for which)主语/宾语That/whichWay方式状语That/in which/省略主语/宾语That/whichPoint,situation, condition,stage,case地点状语Where=in which主语/宾语That/whichMary likes 。
3、 music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐 。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.(that作宾语)2.whichThe building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. (作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. (作宾语)3. who指人在从句中做主语或宾语 , 作主语不可省略 , 作宾语可省略 。
例如:The boys who are playing fo 。
4、otball are from Class One.翻译: 4.whom指人 , 在定语从句中充当宾语 , 常用who代替 , 可省略 。
例如:Mr. Ling is just the man whom I want to see.翻译: 5.whose通常指人 , 也可指物 , 在定语从句中做定语 (1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor. (2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin. (3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired. (4)Theclassroomthedoorofwhic 。
5、hisbrokenwillsoonberepaired. (5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow? (6)Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow? 2. 关系词只能用that的情况:a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 , 或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时;
例如:He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人 。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all ,any ,much ,many ,everything ,anything ,none ,the one等 。
6、不定代词时;例如:Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么要买的东西吗?c. 先行词被the only ,the very ,the same ,the last ,little ,few 等词修饰时;例如:This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车 。
d. 先行词里同时含有人和物时;例如:I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一 。
7、些照片 。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句 , 为避免重复 , 只能用that.例如:Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?1. Do you know the man who is talking with our teacher?先行词是, 关系代词是, 指(人/物) , 在定语从句中作 语 。
2. This is the doctor whom I saw yesterday. 先行词是, 关系代词是, 指(人/物) , 在定语从句中作 语 。
3. Do you like the book whose color is blue?先行词是, 关系代词 。
8、是, 指(人/物) , 在定语从句中作 语 。
4. Ive lost the pen which I like best.先行词是, 关系代词是, 指(人/物) , 在定语从句中作 语 。
5. The person that telephoned me is a reporter先行词是, 关系代词是, 指(人/物) , 在定语从句中作 语 。
做题思路:1、首先要分清主句与从句;2、然后找出先行词3、分析从句中缺少什么成分;4、再看先行词指人 , 还是指物;5、在此基础上 , 选定恰当的关系代词 。
1.The man ____ is standing there is my father.A. who B. whom C 。
9、. which2. The girl ______coat is red is waiting at the gateA. whos B. whose C. that of which.3. That is the day ______Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when4. Who was the man _____ spoke to you just now?A.who B. whom C. that 5. It is the best film ____ she has ever seen.A. that B. 。
10、 which C. when 6.China is a country _____ has a long history. A. who B. which C. where 7. The boy ___ I talked with just now is my best friend. A. who B. which C. where8. We know Jackie Chan ___ movies are verypopular with the young. A. whose B. that C. who D. which9. He talked a lot about things an 。
11、d persons ________they remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what10. The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which填上适合的关系代词并指出在句子中作什么成分 。
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标题:定语|定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句