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安乐死|安乐死经济学人( 二 )


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12、病人死亡 , 在15个国家做了一次民调 。
俄罗斯和波兰持反对态度 。
但是 , 我们却在美国和西 欧各国发现了对于允许医生给身患绝症的病人开具致命药物的做法的强烈支持 。
在我们调查的15个国家中的11个 , 大多数人都支持将协助性自杀扩展到正在经受 巨大身体痛苦但还没有接近死亡的病人 。
No wonder that, just as adultery existed in Spain before 1978, so too many doctors help their patients die even if the law bans them from doing so. Usually this is by。

13、withdrawing treatment or administering pain-relief in lethal doses. Often doctors act after talking to patients and their relatives. Occasionally, when doctors overstep the mark, they are investigated, though rarely charged. Some people welcome this fudge because it establishes limits to doctor-assi 。

14、sted dying without the need to articulate the difficult moral choices this involves.正如通奸行为在1978年之前还在西班牙存在一样 , 现在有如此多的医生纵然是在法律禁止他们的情况下 , 依旧帮助自己的病人死亡 , 这丝毫不令人感到奇怪 。
协助性自杀通常是通过撤回治疗或者是给予致死剂量的止痛药来实现 。
医生经常是在同病人和他们的亲属进行过交谈后才采取行动 。
医生偶尔会越过这个界限 , 这时 , 他们会被调查 , 但很少被指控 。
有的人对此持欢迎的态度 , 是因为这种模棱两可可以在不需要讲明其所涉及的艰难道德选择的情况下 , 为协助性自杀设定界限 。
Bu 。

15、t this approach is unethical and unworkable. It is unethical because an explicit choice that should lie with the patient is wholly in the hands of a doctor. It is hypocritical because society is pretending to shun doctor-assisted dying while tacitly condoning it without safeguards. What may turn out 。

16、 to be more important, this system is also becoming impractical. Most deaths now take place in hospital, under teams of doctors who are working with closer legal and professional oversight. Death by nods and winks is no good.但是 , 这种做法是不道德的 , 也是不可行的 。
不道德 , 是因为理应取决于病人的明确选择完全掌握在医生手中;伪善 , 是因为社会在假装回避协助性自杀的同时 , 又心照不 。

17、宣在没有保障的情况下纵容它 。
更为重要的是 , 这个体系也在变得不切实际 。
如今 , 大多数死亡都是在医院中 , 在工作在更加严密的法律和职业监督的医生团队下发生的 。
在医生忙碌下的死亡毫无意义 。
Better is to face the arguments. One fear is that assisted dying will be foisted on vulnerable patients, bullied by rogue doctors, grasping relatives, miserly insurers or a cash-strapped state. Experience in Ore 。

18、gon, which has had a law since 1997, suggests otherwise. Those who choose assisted suicide are in fact well-educated, insured and receiving palliative care. They are motivated by pain, as well as the desire to preserve their own dignity, autonomy and pleasure in life.最好是直面争论 。
一个担心是 , 协助性自杀会被强加给弱势的病人 , 而弱 。

19、势的病人又会被流氓医生、贪婪的亲属、吝啬的保险公司所欺凌 , 或是因为自己囊中羞涩而 被迫选择死亡 。
但是 , 自1997年以来就有了一项这方面法律的俄勒冈州的经历却表明了另一种情况 。
实际上 , 选择了协助性自杀的人都受过良好教育、享受保 险 , 并且正在接受临终关怀 。
他们选择死亡 , 既是被病痛所驱使 , 也是被保存自己的尊严、自主和生命中的乐趣的渴望所驱使 。
Another fear is that assisted dying will downgrade care. But Belgium and Holland have some of the best palliative care in Europe. S 。

20、urveys show that doctors are as trusted in countries with assisted dying as they are in those without. And there are scant signs of a slippery slope. In Oregon only 1,327 people have received lethal medicineand just two-thirds of those have used it to take their lives. Assisted dying now accounts fo 。

21、r about 3% of deaths in the Netherlandsa large numberbut this is less a rush to assisted dying than the coming to light of an unspoken tradition in which doctors quietly brought their patients lives to an end.另一个担心是 , 协助性自杀会使照料水平降低 。
但是 , 比利时和荷兰有着欧洲最好的一些姑息治疗 。
调查 显示 , 医生在有协助性自杀国家所享受的信任同没有的国家是一样的 。
而且 , 这些地方几乎没有滑坡 。

22、的迹象 。
在俄勒冈州 , 至今仅有1327人接受了致死药物 , 但 是使用这些药物来结束自己的生命的人只有三分之二 。


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标题:安乐死|安乐死经济学人( 二 )


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