对于议论文来说 ， 正反面要清楚 。
对于说明文来说 ， 1、2、3条要清楚 ， 对于 。

8、描述文要来 ， 谁干什么要清楚 。
,11,沐风教资,拿上例Good Health来说 第一段主题句（It is very important to have good health.) 正面（With good health, we can.） 反面 (Without good health, we can do nothing. We cant do.) 第二段：主题句（There are four ways to keep fit.） 从几方面说明： First, we should have our breakfast in the morning. Second, we should hav 。

9、e a nap at noon. Third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon. And fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to music.）,12,沐风教资,为了使文章更具关于条理性 ， 我们可以first(ly), second(ly), third(ly)等副词 ， 他们可以使文章的条理性十分突出 。
也可以用：To begin with, . After that,. And then,. The next,. The follo 。

10、wing,. At last . 。
第三段：主题句（My own practices are as follows.）具体情况（主语为第一人称代词I ， 与第二段呼应） In the morning, I have my breakfast . At noon, I have a nap. And in the afternoon, I always play football. In the evening, I usually listen to the classic music.,13,沐风教资,综上所述 ， 我们在写作中最最重要的一点就是要有自己的观点和见解 ， 一定要提出自己的观点来 ， 有些同学 。

11、一篇文章写下来 ， 都不知道你的观点是什么 ， 这样的文章是失败的 。
针对四级考试 ， 建议大家论说文重点准备关于大学校园生活的话题 ， 如学习、生活、社会工作、兼职打工等；应用文重点准备咨询信、投诉信、介绍信、请求信、建议信、道歉信、邀请信等私人和公务信函,关键就是格式 。
只要格式正确 ， 基本上都可得满分 。
,14,沐风教资,三.写作中的一些典型例句和句子写作时的注意事项,1.开篇句 1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of . 2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 3) Recent 。

12、ly the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among . 5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over . 6) Never in our history has the idea that . been so popular. 7) Faced with ., quite a few people argue that . 8) According to a recent survey, . 9) With。

13、the rapid development of ., .,15,沐风教资,2. 结尾句 1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that . 2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop . 3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to . 4) In conclusion, it is imperative（迫切的） that . 5) There is no easy met 。

14、hod, but .might be of some help. 6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must . 7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up（出现）. 8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly. 9) We might do more than identify。

15、the cause ;
it is important to take actions to . 10) Taking all these into account, we .,16,沐风教资,3. 基本表达 人们认为： it is generally / widely believed / agreed/ held that 接触各种思想 ， 经历： be exposed to new ideas/ experiences/problems 接触社会： come into frequent/ close contact with the world/ society 获得成功： achieve/ 。

16、 accomplish success 提出观点 ， 建议： advance/ put forward/ come up with arguments/ideas/ suggestions 对很好的了解： have a better understanding of / gain an insight into,17,沐风教资,把某因素考虑进去： take sth. Into account/consideration;
give much thought to 随着生活节奏的加快： with the quickening pace of modern life / society 开阔眼界 ， 兴趣 。

17、： broaden ones interest/outlook； expand/ broaden/ enlarge ones mental horizons 取得进步： make much progress/ strides/ gains in 把时间花/ 浪费在： spend / waste time doing sth 利用机会: make (full/ better ) use of the opportunity take advantage of opportunity,18,沐风教资,3. 注意事项,a. 适当用被动替换主动 ， 这样能更客观的反映事实, 句子开头不要总是用we / I 。

18、 (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) b. 善于使用插入语 ， 比如说把副词、连接词等 ， 作插入语放在中间 ， 一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后 ， 两边分别加上逗号 。
如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间 ， 一般放在动词 ， 助动词后 ， 两边分别加上逗号 。
比如说： Other individuals, however, take the attitude that 这样能够使这个文章更连贯 。
,19,沐风教资,c. 一定要学会换词 ， 用形象 ， 具体的替换 。

19、太宽泛的 。
比如说在一篇文章中 ， 我们用 applicable 替换 proper, approaches 替换 ways, implement 替换 carry out, sharpen ones competitive edge 替换enhance ones competitiveness (提高某物竞争力) beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful, shopper 替换 client, consumer替换 purchaser, customer exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very, hardly inevitable 。

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标题：英语四|英语四级写作及一般写作技巧（谷风讲课）( 二 )