（译成无主语）e. Th 。

31、e Passive Structure Remaining Unchanged In this conversion, there are two circumstances: First, in order to emphasize the original passive meaning, the original passive sentence will keep its passive voice in Chinese version. We should add some words which carry passive meaning, such as “被” “受” “得到” 。

32、 “以” “加以” “予以” “为所” and so on. E.g.: Not everything in wastewater is trouble, and thus is not removed.废水中的物质不全是有害的 。
因而也不会全部被清除掉 。
E.g.Attention must be paid to environmental protection in developing economy. 发展经济必须注意保护环境 。
f.Sentence in form of “It that”This is particular sentence structure used commonly 。

33、 in EST, which became the remarkable characteristic in the comparison with other kinds of English languages. It can be foreseen that (可以预料出), it cannot be denied that(不可否认). This kind of sentence could be translated into无人称或不定人称active sentence. E.g.It seems that these two branches of science are mut 。

34、ually dependent and interacting.看来这两个科学分支是相互依存 ， 相互作用的 。
g.sentence can be translated into “的是”或“是的”句式E.g.Most scientists believe that crude oil is formed by the decomposed remains of billions of tiny plants and animals which lived in the sea millions or hundreds of millions of years ago.待添加的隐藏文字内容3 多数科 。

35、学家相信 ， 石油是由数亿年前亿万个生活在海洋里的微小动植物遗体的分解物形成的 。
2.3 How to translate Long and Complicated Sentences2.3.1 Extensive Use of Long and Complicated Sentence in ESTWhen dealing with the complex concepts, the long and complicated sentences are used more frequently in EST than the general English. This is decided on。

36、the characteristics of EST. Because, the ESTs target is to state a logic and describe an process. The definition, laws, theorems, concepts or the techniques in EST must be accurate and precise. So the sentence in EST has many modifiers, qualifiers and additional elements. This makes the sentence lon 。

37、g and complicated.2.3.2 specific methodsa. The prerequisites for correct handling of long and complicated sentences in English-chinese translation lie in the correct comprehension of the logic and structure of the original sentences.b.subordination(分清主从法)Subordination,the method of differentiating,a 。

38、nd handling,of the principal and subordinate parts of a complex sentence in the process of translation, is essential to achieveing adequacy in translation.The diffenentiation and correct handling of the principal and subordinate parts is very important in English-Chinese translation.Subordination is 。

39、 essential to comprehension and representationE.g.“Where weight is the major consideration,aluminium is used.A materials ability to conduct electricity slaso depends on its dimensions”In translating these two sentences,one should pay attention to the relationship between them.The sentences should be 。

40、 rendered into “凡是在重量是最要考虑因素的场合 ， 就要用铝 。
这是因为材料导电的能力还取决于材料的尺寸 。
”In Chinese the principal part of the sentence should normally be placed after the subordinate part.E.g.There is air all round us though we cannot see it with the naked eye.”should preferably be rendered into “虽然我们用肉眼看不见空气 ， 但我们的周围到处都是空气 。
”CDivi 。

41、sionDivision ,as a translation technique, means the necessary splitting of a long sentence into shorter sentences. To split a sentence at will is definitely a mistake in translation.But that does not mean splitting the sentence is absolutely impermissible.Before we split sentences,we shoulde know (a 。

42、)what the author is driving at (b) what his arguments or views are and what logic sequence there is in the original (c) what grammatical relations there are regarding the three ,four,five or even more modifiers in the long sentence to be translated.There are a few rules to observe:When the long sent 。

43、ence includes or implies the authors two or more steps of reasoning,or his arrangement of facts in acertain orderwhen the modifiers qualifying the subject are too long,generally speaking,these sentences can be properly rendered into Chinese by employing the techniques of division,amplification,and c 。

44、onversion.when a clause in a long sentence functions ,in effect,as a transition to what is to follow.E.g. The difficulties that(1) would have to be encountered by anyone who(2) attempted to explore the moon assuming that(3) it was possible to get there would(4) be incomparably greater than (5)those。

45、that (6)have to be faced in the endeavor to reach the summit of Mount Everest.任何试图探索月球奥秘的人假定他们可能到达那里的话可能遇到的困难远非攀登珠穆朗玛主峰时遇到的困难所能比拟 。

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标题：How|How to Translate English for Science and Technology (EST) Materials英语毕业论文( 三 )