1、毕业设计外文翻译-TBM在不良地质条件下的隧道掘进TBM TUNNELLING IN DIFFICULT GROUND CONDITIONTBM在不良地质条件下的隧道掘进Giovanni Barla and Sebastiano PelizzaABSTRACT摘要This paper is to discuss TBM tunneling in difficult ground conditions, when problems are met which may reduce dramatically the average progress rates and practical cons 。

2、equences may be such as to pose serious questions on the use of mechanized TBM tunnelling versus drill blast and other so-called traditional excavation methods. Following a few remarks on rock TBM tunnelling in relation to the selection and dimensioning of the machine, the attention is posed on the。

3、limiting geological conditions which may be envisaged with respect to the use of TBM tunnelling and on the importance of geological and geotechnical investigations, in order to derive an appropriate understanding of the rock mass conditions along the line of the tunnel. The discussion is centered up 。

4、on the relatively more important or difficult ground conditions including borability limits, instability of excavation walls, instability of excavation face, fault zones and squeezing. Whenever available to the authors and based on project experience, the point of view is illustrated by case example 。

5、s, which give the opportunity to underline specific difficulties encountered and recommendations.本篇论文所探讨的内容是:在遇到严重减小掘进速度的不良地质条件下的隧道开挖,并提出采用TBM,钻爆法和其他所谓的传统开挖方法进行隧道掘进时所能遇到的问题 。
下面是由TBM进行掘进的有关机器选型和尺寸的说明,关注于使用TBM进行掘进的地质条件的限制及地质和地质观测的重要性,所以,要恰当理解隧道沿线的围岩状况 。
讨论集中于相对重要或不良地质状况的围岩,其中包括可挖性限制,开挖洞壁的不稳定性,开挖掌子面的不稳定性, 。

6、断层和挤压岩况 。
利用其他作者之言并基于工程经验,通过实例阐述观点,借此机会强调面临的特殊困难并给出建议 。
INTRODUCTION 引言TBM excavation represent a big investment in an unflexible but potentially very fast method of excavating and supporting a rock tunnel Barton, 1996. When unfavorable conditions are encountered without warning, time schedule and pract 。

7、ical consequences are often far greater in a TBM driven tunnel than in a drill and blast tunnel TBM开挖不仅意味着巨额投资,而且可以进行快速开挖和支护 Barton, 1996.在无预警的情况下遇到不良地质条件,从时间和实际产生的结果来讲采用TBM 方法进行隧道掘进远远比采用钻爆法快得多 。
The unfavorable conditions can be produced by either a rock mass of very poor quality causing instability。

8、of the tunnel or a rock mass of very quality i.e. strong and massive rock mass determining very low penetration rates. However, it is to be observed that when using the full face mechanized excavation method, the influence of the rock mass quality on the machine performance has not an absolute value 。

9、: the influence is in fact to be referred to both the TBM type used and the tunnel diameter.在不良地质条件下往往产生大量的弱质岩石,这样会使隧道处于不稳定状态,或者产生大量的硬岩,会降低掘进速度 。
然而,据观测,采取全断面机械开挖方法,岩石状况不会影响机械运行的绝对值:实际的影响因素参考TBM类型和隧道直径 。
Right from the beginning of its earliest applications, the use of full face mechanized excavation wa 。

10、s to overcome the limits imposed by local geology, the economic challenges and schedule competitions of the drill and blast method and other so-called traditional excavation methods. A prominent example is given by the recent from 1995 to 2000 construction of the one tube 24.5 km long Laerdal Tunnel 。

11、 in Norway, the worlds longest road tunnel 仅从该方法使用之初,全断面机械开挖方法就要克服了地质条件的限制,钻爆法和其他传统的开挖方法在经济方面的挑战和施工时间上的竞争 。
典型的例子就是最近(1995-2000)在挪威施工的长为24.5 kmLaerdal隧道,该隧道为目前为止世界上最长的公路隧道 。
The 100m*m cross section tunnel is being excavation in a Precambrian gneiss, a very good and stable rock mass: the supports are on 。

12、 average only 7-8 rock bolts plus a 7cm thick shotcrete lining per meter of tunnel. The excavation is carried out by the drill and blast method, which been evaluated to be less expensive and more reliable than the ;
use of alarge diameter TBM. The average progress rate is 4.8 ? 5.0 km per year with t 。

13、wo faces, against the 2.3-4.8 km per year, estimated for a large ?diameter TBM Kovari et al., 1993开挖横断面100m*m,地质年代为前寒武纪,片麻岩,岩石稳定:每米隧道平均打7-8个锚杆进行支护,外加7cm厚的喷混衬砌 。

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标题：毕业设计外文翻译TBM在不良地质条件下的隧道掘进可编辑|毕业设计外文翻译TBM在不良地质条件下的隧道掘进（可编辑）